snapshot of https://github.com/golang-migrate/migrate.git (master, 2026-09-15; blobs > 131072B omitted)
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database/mysql/README.md
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# MySQL
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`mysql://user:password@tcp(host:port)/dbname?query`
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| URL Query | WithInstance Config | Description |
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|------------|---------------------|-------------|
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| `x-migrations-table` | `MigrationsTable` | Name of the migrations table |
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| `x-no-lock` | `NoLock` | Set to `true` to skip `GET_LOCK`/`RELEASE_LOCK` statements. Useful for [multi-master MySQL flavors](https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtradb-cluster/LATEST/features/pxc-strict-mode.html#explicit-table-locking). Only run migrations from one host when this is enabled. |
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| `x-statement-timeout` | `StatementTimeout` | Abort any statement that takes more than the specified number of milliseconds, functionally similar to [Server-side SELECT statement timeouts](https://dev.mysql.com/blog-archive/server-side-select-statement-timeouts/) but enforced by the client. Available for all versions of MySQL, not just >=5.7. |
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| `dbname` | `DatabaseName` | The name of the database to connect to |
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| `user` | | The user to sign in as |
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| `password` | | The user's password |
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| `host` | | The host to connect to. |
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| `port` | | The port to bind to. |
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| `tls` | | TLS / SSL encrypted connection parameter; see [go-sql-driver](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql#tls). Use any name (e.g. `migrate`) if you want to use a custom TLS config (`x-tls-` queries). |
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| `x-tls-ca` | | The location of the CA (certificate authority) file. |
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| `x-tls-cert` | | The location of the client certificate file. Must be used with `x-tls-key`. |
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| `x-tls-key` | | The location of the private key file. Must be used with `x-tls-cert`. |
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| `x-tls-insecure-skip-verify` | | Whether or not to use SSL (true\|false) |
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## Use with existing client
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If you use the MySQL driver with existing database client, you must create the client with parameter `multiStatements=true`:
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"database/sql"
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_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
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"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"
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"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/mysql"
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_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/file"
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)
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func main() {
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db, _ := sql.Open("mysql", "user:password@tcp(host:port)/dbname?multiStatements=true")
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driver, _ := mysql.WithInstance(db, &mysql.Config{})
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m, _ := migrate.NewWithDatabaseInstance(
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"file:///migrations",
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"mysql",
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driver,
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)
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m.Steps(2)
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}
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```
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## Upgrading from v1
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1. Write down the current migration version from schema_migrations
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1. `DROP TABLE schema_migrations`
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2. Wrap your existing migrations in transactions ([BEGIN/COMMIT](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/commit.html)) if you use multiple statements within one migration.
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3. Download and install the latest migrate version.
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4. Force the current migration version with `migrate force <current_version>`.
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