---
title: "Bill of Materials and Registry Mirroring"
sidebar_position: 2
description: Gather the packages, images, and certificates you need before crossing the air gap, and set up a private registry or package mirror.
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';

<EditionAvailability tiers="free,professional,enterprise,enterprise-advanced" />
<DeploymentAvailability modes="self-hosted,air-gapped" />

On an internet-connected machine, you must gather all required packages, container images, and dependencies needed for the installation process. The resources you'll need will depend on your deployment method.

## Bill of materials

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="linux" label="Linux">

Using our provided tarball is recommended as the simplest installation method for air-gapped environments. You can install the Mattermost Server in a few minutes on any air-gapped 64-bit Linux system.

**Prerequisites**

- [Mattermost tarball](/product-overview/version-archive). We recommend using the latest [ESR](/product-overview/release-policy#extended-support-releases) for extended support where server upgrades may be infrequent.
- Database: PostgreSQL [installation packages](https://www.postgresql.org/download/) or container images for your Linux distribution.
- File Storage: Local filesystem storage is sufficient for deployments under 2,000 users. For larger deployments requiring high availability, we recommend using an S3-compatible object storage solution or an NFS (Network File System) server for shared storage needs.
- Load balancer: If you already have a load balancer running in your air-gapped environment you can skip this resource, otherwise we recommend deploying [NGINX](/deployment-guide/server/setup-nginx-proxy) from these [Linux packages](https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html).
- Desktop app: Download the [required package](https://github.com/mattermost/desktop/releases) based on your deployment method.

**(Optional) Supporting services**

Consider downloading these additional resources if you plan to enable these optional components:

- [Mattermost Calls](/deployment-guide/calls/calls-deployment-guide): [mattermost-calls-offloader](https://github.com/mattermost/calls-offloader/releases) (required for recording, transcription, and live captions) and [mattermost-rtcd](https://github.com/mattermost/rtcd/releases) (required for performance and scalability).
- [Elasticsearch](https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch) can be [deployed](https://www.elastic.co/docs/deploy-manage/deploy/self-managed/installing-elasticsearch) for enhanced search performance at scale.
- [Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/download/) and [Grafana](https://grafana.com/grafana/download) for monitoring and observability.

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="kubernetes" label="Kubernetes">

Kubernetes is recommended for a highly scalable and robust deployment if your organization is already running a Kubernetes cluster in the air-gapped environment.

**Prerequisites**

- [Mattermost Operator](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/tree/master/charts/mattermost-operator) and [values](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/blob/master/charts/mattermost-operator/values.yaml).
- Database: We recommend options such as the [Postgres Operator](https://access.crunchydata.com/documentation/postgres-operator/latest/quickstart) from Crunchy Data, [CloudNativePG](https://cloudnative-pg.io/documentation/1.27/installation_upgrade/), or [pgEdge](https://github.com/pgEdge/pgedge-helm).
- File Storage: We recommend using an S3-compatible storage service or a mounted NFS volume for shared storage needs.
- Load balancer: If you already have a load balancer running in your air-gapped environment you can skip this resource, otherwise we recommend deploying [NGINX](/deployment-guide/server/setup-nginx-proxy), using the [NGINX Ingress Controller operator](https://docs.nginx.com/nginx-ingress-controller/installation/installing-nic/installation-with-operator/).
- Desktop app: Download the [required package](https://github.com/mattermost/desktop/releases) based on your deployment method.

**(Optional) Supporting services**

Consider downloading these additional resources if you plan to enable these optional components:

- [Mattermost Calls](/deployment-guide/calls/calls-deployment-guide) helm charts: [mattermost-calls-offloader](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/tree/master/charts/mattermost-calls-offloader) and [values](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/blob/master/charts/mattermost-calls-offloader/values.yaml) (required for recording, transcription, and live captions), [mattermost-rtcd](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/tree/master/charts/mattermost-rtcd) and [values](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-helm/blob/master/charts/mattermost-rtcd/values.yaml) (required for performance and scalability).
- [Elasticsearch](https://www.elastic.co/docs/deploy-manage/deploy/cloud-on-k8s) can be [deployed in air-gapped k8s environments](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/cloud-on-k8s/2.8/k8s-air-gapped.html) for enhanced search performance at scale.
- [Prometheus](https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator) and [Grafana](https://github.com/grafana/grafana-operator) operators for monitoring and observability.

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="docker" label="Docker">

Docker can be used if you don't have a running Kubernetes cluster in the air-gapped environment, but want to use containers for simplified installation and dependency management. Docker is not recommended for production environments at high scale, as it doesn't support clustered deployments or High Availability (HA) configurations out-of-the-box.

**Prerequisites**

- [Mattermost Enterprise Edition](https://hub.docker.com/r/mattermost/mattermost-enterprise-edition) image.
- Database: [PostgreSQL](https://hub.docker.com/_/postgres) image.
- Load balancer: If you already have a load balancer running in your air-gapped environment you can skip this resource, otherwise we recommend deploying [NGINX](/deployment-guide/server/setup-nginx-proxy) from these [images](https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx).
- Desktop app: Download the [required package](https://github.com/mattermost/desktop/releases) based on your deployment method.

**(Optional) Supporting services**

Consider downloading these additional resources if you plan to enable these optional components:

- [Mattermost Calls](/deployment-guide/calls/calls-deployment-guide) images: [calls-offloader](https://hub.docker.com/r/mattermost/calls-offloader) (required for recording, transcription, and live captions) and [rtcd](https://hub.docker.com/r/mattermost/rtcd) (required for performance and scalability).
- [Elasticsearch](https://hub.docker.com/_/elasticsearch) image for enhanced search performance at scale.
- [Prometheus](https://hub.docker.com/r/prom/prometheus) and [Grafana](https://hub.docker.com/r/grafana/grafana) images for monitoring and observability.

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

## Mattermost plugins

Mattermost includes a number of [pre-built integrations](/integrations-guide/popular-integrations) for mission-critical tools. If you'd like to use any plugins beyond those that are pre-built in the Mattermost package, you'll need to download the plugin binaries from the [Mattermost Marketplace](https://mattermost.com/marketplace/). Once you have Mattermost deployed, these plugin binaries can be uploaded directly in the System Console.

## SSL/TLS certificates and keys

If your deployment requires SSL, ensure you have the necessary certificates. This includes certificates and keys for enabling HTTPS with Mattermost, as well as any CA files or certificates needed to access internal services such as LDAP or SAML. See [Setup TLS](/deployment-guide/server/setup-tls) for configuration details.

## Local documentation

Mattermost documentation can be built and served locally so that installation and configuration guidance is available inside the air-gapped environment. Clone the [mattermost/mattermost repository](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost) on your internet-connected machine, build the documentation site, and transfer the generated static output across the air gap alongside the rest of your bill of materials.

**Prerequisites**

- Git [\[download\]](https://git-scm.com/downloads)
- Node.js 20 or later [\[download\]](https://nodejs.org/en/download)

```bash
git clone https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost.git
cd mattermost/docs/site
npm ci
npm run build
```

The build writes a self-contained static site to `docs/site/build/`, which you can serve from any web server in the air-gapped environment. See the [documentation site README](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost/blob/master/docs/site/README.md) for the full build options, including how to skip the API reference generation step if you don't need it.

## Set up a private registry or mirror

A private container registry securely stores the Docker images necessary for air-gapped deployments, ensuring compliance with data isolation requirements. Similarly, a private package mirror stores operating system packages necessary for air-gapped deployments in Ubuntu or RHEL/CentOS Linux environments. Setting up a local registry or mirror is a critical step in deploying Mattermost to ensure all images, dependencies, and packages are available to you in the air-gapped environment. The steps below outline the process required to set up a local registry or mirror, depending on the deployment method you are using. These steps are a rough guide, and can be supplemented with online resources depending on your specific deployment needs.

<Tabs>
<TabItem value="linux" label="Linux">

**(Ubuntu) Set up a private Debian package mirror**

We will use Aptly to create a local mirror, although you can also use other options such as debmirror.

1.  **Install Aptly** (on an internet-connected machine):

    ```bash
    apt-get update
    apt-get install aptly gnupg
    ```

2.  **Create a GPG key for signing packages**:

    ```bash
    gpg --gen-key
    ```

3.  **Create a mirror configuration**:

    ```bash
    aptly mirror create -architectures=amd64 debian-bullseye http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
    ```

4.  **Update the mirror to download packages**:

    ```bash
    aptly mirror update debian-bullseye
    ```

5.  **Create and publish a snapshot**:

    ```bash
    aptly snapshot create debian-bullseye-$(date +%Y%m%d) from mirror debian-bullseye
    aptly publish snapshot debian-bullseye-$(date +%Y%m%d)
    ```

6.  **Serve the repository**:

    ```bash
    aptly serve
    ```

7.  **Client configuration:** Configure apt to use your local mirror:

    ```bash
    cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
    deb http://mirror.example.com/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
    EOF
    ```

**(RHEL/CentOS) Set up a private RHEL package mirror**

We will use reposync for a local mirror.

1.  **Install required tools** (on an internet-connected RHEL system):

    ```bash
    yum install yum-utils createrepo
    ```

2.  **Download packages**:

    ```bash
    mkdir -p /var/www/html/repos/rhel8
    reposync -p /var/www/html/repos/rhel8 --download-metadata --repo=rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms
    reposync -p /var/www/html/repos/rhel8 --download-metadata --repo=rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
    ```

3.  **Create repository metadata**:

    ```bash
    createrepo /var/www/html/repos/rhel8/rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms
    createrepo /var/www/html/repos/rhel8/rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
    ```

4.  **Set up a web server**:

    ```bash
    yum install httpd
    systemctl enable httpd
    systemctl start httpd
    ```

5.  **Client configuration:** Disable existing repositories:

    ```bash
    cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
    mkdir backup
    mv *.repo backup/
    ```

6.  **Client configuration:** Create new repository files:

    ```bash
    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local-baseos.repo << EOF
    [local-baseos]
    name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 BaseOS
    baseurl=http://mirror.example.com/repos/rhel8/rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=0
    EOF

    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local-appstream.repo << EOF
    [local-appstream]
    name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 AppStream
    baseurl=http://mirror.example.com/repos/rhel8/rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=0
    EOF
    ```

7.  **Client configuration:** Clear cache and test:

    ```bash
    yum clean all
    yum repolist
    ```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="kubernetes" label="Kubernetes">

**Set up a self-hosted private container registry**

1.  **Install Docker Registry**:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry registry:2
    ```

2.  **Configure persistent storage**:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry \
    -v /mnt/registry:/var/lib/registry \
    registry:2
    ```

3.  **Add TLS security** (recommended):

    a. Generate self-signed certificates:

    ```bash
    mkdir -p certs
    openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout certs/domain.key \
    -x509 -days 365 -out certs/domain.crt
    ```

    b. Run the registry with TLS:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry \
    -v /mnt/registry:/var/lib/registry \
    -v $(pwd)/certs:/certs \
    -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/domain.crt \
    -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/domain.key \
    registry:2
    ```

**Configure Kubernetes to use private image registries**

When using Kubernetes in an air-gapped environment, you need to configure it to use your private registry.

1.  **Create a Kubernetes secret for registry authentication**:

    ```bash
    kubectl create secret docker-registry regcred \
    --docker-server=registry.example.com:5000 \
    --docker-username=your_username \
    --docker-password=your_password \
    --docker-email=your_email@example.com
    ```

2.  **Reference the secret in pod specifications**:

    ```yaml
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      name: mattermost-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mattermost
        image: registry.example.com:5000/mattermost/mattermost-enterprise-edition:latest
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: regcred
    ```

3.  **For Helm deployments**, specify the registry in `values.yaml`:

    ```yaml
    image:
      repository: registry.example.com:5000/mattermost/mattermost-enterprise-edition
      tag: latest
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

    imagePullSecrets:
      - name: regcred
    ```

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="docker" label="Docker">

**Set up a self-hosted private container registry**

1.  **Install Docker Registry**:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry registry:2
    ```

2.  **Configure persistent storage**:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry \
    -v /mnt/registry:/var/lib/registry \
    registry:2
    ```

3.  **Add TLS security** (recommended):

    a. Generate self-signed certificates:

    ```bash
    mkdir -p certs
    openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout certs/domain.key \
    -x509 -days 365 -out certs/domain.crt
    ```

    b. Run the registry with TLS:

    ```bash
    docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry \
    -v /mnt/registry:/var/lib/registry \
    -v $(pwd)/certs:/certs \
    -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/domain.crt \
    -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/domain.key \
    registry:2
    ```

**Populate your private registry**

Ensure the required images from the [Bill of Materials](#bill-of-materials) are downloaded and pushed to the private registry.

**Configure Docker to use private image registries**

Configure Docker on all hosts to trust and use your private registry.

1.  **Add your registry to Docker's trusted registries**:

    Edit or create `/etc/docker/daemon.json`:

    ```json
    {
      "insecure-registries": ["registry.example.com:5000"]
    }
    ```

    For registries using self-signed certificates:

    ```bash
    mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/registry.example.com:5000
    cp domain.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/registry.example.com:5000/ca.crt
    ```

2.  **Restart Docker daemon**:

    ```bash
    systemctl restart docker
    ```

3.  **Test the configuration**:

    ```bash
    docker pull registry.example.com:5000/mattermost/mattermost-enterprise-edition:latest
    ```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>