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---
title: 概要
description: アプリ自体の設定 — アプリのアイデンティティ、デフォルト権限、およびインストール時に実行される内容を構成します。
icon: screwdriver-wrench
---
Twenty アプリの **config layer** は、アプリのアイデンティティ、保持する権限、インストールやアップグレード時に実行されるコードなど、アプリを *プラットフォームに対して* 説明するものです。 これらの宣言は新しいデータ構造や実行時の動作を追加するものではなく、アプリが *何者であるか*、そして *どのようにセットアップするか* を Twenty に伝える役割を持ちます。
```text
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Application — identity, default role, variables, │
│ marketplace metadata │
│ │
│ ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ Role — what the app's logic functions can read │ │
│ │ and write (referenced by Application) │ │
│ └──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
│
▼ (at install / upgrade time)
┌──────────────────────────────────┐
│ Pre-install hook │ before metadata migration
└──────────────────────────────────┘
┌──────────────────────────────────┐
│ Post-install hook │ after metadata migration
└──────────────────────────────────┘
│
▼ (at uninstall time)
┌──────────────────────────────────┐
│ Uninstall hook │ before app removal
└──────────────────────────────────┘
```
## このセクションについて
<CardGroup cols={2}>
<Card title="アプリケーション設定" icon="rocket" href="/l/ja/developers/extend/apps/config/application">
`defineApplication` — アイデンティティ、デフォルトロール、変数、マーケットプレイスのメタデータ。
</Card>
<Card title="ロールと権限" icon="shield-halved" href="/l/ja/developers/extend/apps/config/roles">
`defineRole` — アプリのロジック関数が読み書きできる内容を宣言します。
</Card>
<Card title="インストールフック" icon="wrench" href="/l/ja/developers/extend/apps/config/install-hooks">
`definePreInstallLogicFunction`、`definePostInstallLogicFunction`、および `defineUninstallLogicFunction` — データのバックアップ、デフォルト値の投入、アップグレードの検証、アンインストール時のクリーンアップを行います。
</Card>
</CardGroup>
## 各要素同士の関係
* **アプリケーション** がエントリポイントです。 すべてのアプリには `defineApplication()` 呼び出しが 1 つだけ存在し、その呼び出しは 1 つの **ロール** をデフォルトとして指します。
* **ロール** は、アプリのロジック関数とフロントコンポーネントが読み書きできる内容を制御します。 最小権限の原則に従い、コードが実際に必要とする権限だけを付与してください。
* **インストールフック** はインストールまたはアップグレード時に実行されます。メタデータのマイグレーション前にプレインストールが実行されるため(リスクの高いアップグレードを拒否できます)、マイグレーション後にポストインストールが実行され(新しいスキーマに対してデフォルトデータを投入できます)。 アンインストールフックはアプリが削除される直前に実行されるため、アプリのデータがまだ読み取り可能なうちに外部リソースをクリーンアップできます。
<Note>
インストールフックは [logic function](/l/ja/developers/extend/apps/logic/logic-functions) ランタイムを共有します。つまり、同じハンドラーシグネチャ、同じ環境変数、同じ型付き API クライアントを使用します。ただし、独自の define 関数で宣言され、通常のトリガーモデル(HTTP、cron、データベースイベント)とは別に存在します。
</Note>