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---
title: Estendere gli oggetti
description: Aggiungi campi agli oggetti standard di Twenty (Person, Company, …) o agli oggetti di altre app usando defineField.
icon: wand-magic-sparkles
---
Usa `defineField()` per aggiungere un campo a un oggetto che non possiedi — un oggetto standard di Twenty come Person o Company, oppure un oggetto fornito da un'altra app installata. A differenza dei campi inline dichiarati all'interno di [`defineObject`](/l/it/developers/extend/apps/data/objects), i campi autonomi richiedono un `objectUniversalIdentifier` per specificare quale oggetto estendono.
```ts src/fields/company-loyalty-tier.field.ts
import { defineField, FieldType } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
export default defineField({
universalIdentifier: 'f2a1b3c4-d5e6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890',
objectUniversalIdentifier: '701aecb9-eb1c-4d84-9d94-b954b231b64b', // Company object
name: 'loyaltyTier',
type: FieldType.SELECT,
label: 'Loyalty Tier',
icon: 'IconStar',
options: [
{ value: 'BRONZE', label: 'Bronze', position: 0, color: 'orange' },
{ value: 'SILVER', label: 'Silver', position: 1, color: 'gray' },
{ value: 'GOLD', label: 'Gold', position: 2, color: 'yellow' },
],
});
```
## Punti chiave
* `objectUniversalIdentifier` identifica l'oggetto di destinazione. Per gli oggetti standard di Twenty, importa la costante da `twenty-sdk`:
```ts
import { STANDARD_OBJECT_UNIVERSAL_IDENTIFIERS } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
// STANDARD_OBJECT_UNIVERSAL_IDENTIFIERS.company.universalIdentifier
// STANDARD_OBJECT_UNIVERSAL_IDENTIFIERS.person.universalIdentifier
// STANDARD_OBJECT_UNIVERSAL_IDENTIFIERS.opportunity.universalIdentifier
// …
```
* Quando definisci campi **inline dentro `defineObject()`**, **non** hai bisogno di `objectUniversalIdentifier` — viene ereditato dall'oggetto padre.
* `defineField()` è l'unico modo per aggiungere campi a oggetti che non hai creato con `defineObject()`.
* Il percorso del file dipende da te. La convenzione è `src/fields/\<name>.field.ts`, ma l'SDK rileva i campi ovunque in `src/`.
* La `writability` può anche essere impostata per singolo campo: `MetadataWritability.APPLICATION` limita le scritture alle sole funzioni di logica della tua app, mentre `MetadataWritability.SYSTEM` è riservata ai dati gestiti dalla piattaforma. La writability di un campo può essere solo più restrittiva rispetto al livello del relativo oggetto e le letture non sono influenzate. Consulta [Objects](/l/it/developers/extend/apps/data/objects) per i dettagli completi sulla semantica.
* Per aggiungere una scheda a un layout di pagina standard (ad es. la pagina di dettaglio di Task o Company), utilizza [`definePageLayoutTab`](/l/it/developers/extend/apps/layout/page-layouts#definepagelayouttab) con `STANDARD_PAGE_LAYOUT_UNIVERSAL_IDENTIFIERS` da `twenty-sdk/define`.
## Aggiungere una relazione a un oggetto esistente
Per aggiungere un campo di relazione (ad esempio collegare il tuo oggetto personalizzato a un `Person` standard), usa `defineField()` con `FieldType.RELATION`. Lo schema è lo stesso delle relazioni inline, ma con `objectUniversalIdentifier` impostato esplicitamente. Vedi [Relazioni](/l/it/developers/extend/apps/data/relations) per lo schema bidirezionale.